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#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define loop(i,l,r) for(int i=l; i<r; i++)
#define int long long
#define pb push_back
#define vi vector<int>
#define mkp make_pair<int,int>
#define umpii unordered_map<int,int>
#define maxheap priority_queue<int>
#define minheap priority_queue<int, vi,greater<int>>
#define setbits(x) __builtin_popcountll(x)
#define zerobits(x) __builtin_ctzll(x)
#define in_arr(A,n) loop(i,0,n) cin>>A[i];
#define p_arr(A,n) loop(i,0,n) cout<<A[i]
;
#define pln_arr(A,n) loop(i,0,n) cout<<A[i]<<endl
#define take_n int n; cin>>n;
#define take_arr int arr[n]; loop(i,0,n) cin>>arr[i];
const int mod= 1e9+7;
const int inf= 1e15;
vector<int> S(61);
vector<int> K(61);
int dp[61][2][2];
int rec(int i, int t_1, int t_2){
//bit, equality of numbers, size of number so far
if(i<0) return (t_1!=1);
if(dp[i][t_1][t_2]!=-1) return dp[i][t_1][t_2];
if(!t_1 && !t_2){
int x= rec(i-1, t_1, t_2);
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] = 2*x;
}
else if(t_1 && !t_2){
//we are tight on equality
if(K[i]==1){
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] =rec(i-1, 0, t_2);
}
else{
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] =rec(i-1, 1, 0)+rec(i-1,0,0);
}
}
else if(!t_1 && t_2){
//we are tight on ub
if(S[i]==0){
if(K[i]==0){
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] =rec(i-1,t_1, t_2);
}
else{
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] = rec(i-1, 0,1);
}
}
else{
//i can put 1 as well as 0
if(K[i]==0){
//can i put zero
//yes
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] = rec(i-1, 0,0) + rec(i-1,0,1);
}
else{
//put 0 + put 1
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] =rec(i-1, 0,0)+ rec(i-1, 0,1);
}
}
}
else{
//tight on both things
if(S[i]==0){
if(K[i]==0){
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] = rec(i-1, t_1, t_2);
}
else{
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] =rec(i-1, 0,1);
}
}
else{
if(K[i]==0){
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] =rec(i-1,1,0)+rec(i-1, 0,1);
}
else{
return dp[i][t_1][t_2] =rec(i-1, 0, 0);
}
}
}
}
void solve(){
int n,k; cin>>n>>k;
for(int i=60; i>=0; i--){
if((n&(1ll<<i))!=0){
S[i]=1;
}
else S[i]=0;
}
for(int i=60; i>=0; i--){
if((k&(1ll<<i))!=0){
K[i]=1;
}
else K[i]=0;
}
memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp));
int ans=rec(60, 1,1);
cout<<ans-(k!=0)<<endl;
}
int32_t main(){
int t;
cin>>t;
while(t--) solve();
return 0;
}
